The economic changes had a very negative impact on the secular and spiritual feudal lords. The crisis of feudal land ownership was explained by the fact that "the old methods of exploitation and management of land were not suitable in the new environment." Feudal exploitation was carried out according to customs, which determined "the duties of serfs and censors established once and for all." However, the size of the duties did not match the growing market. Thus, the total tax in Saint-Trond in 1250 amounted to "only 5 marks out of a total budget of 920 marks." The inefficiency of feudal exploitation encourages feudal lords to look for alternatives in capitalist farming. The leasing of land to peasants is becoming widespread. In-kind duties replace monetary ones. Peasants are given the opportunity to redeem their feudal duties, which have now become "useless" to the feudal lords. The development of capitalist relations in agriculture was supported by princes, great barons and spiritual feudal lords, who organized large-scale plowing of lands and leased them out. To attract the population to the new lands, the princes granted special privileges to the newly formed settlements and their inhabitants .
Favorable economic development and structural changes in society have led to changes in the domestic political situation. The personal free population of the provinces sought to "place themselves under the direct authority of the prince." The prince strove to strengthen it. The transition to private law relations contributed to the loss of the feudal lords' jurisdiction over the population. In the prism of capitalism, the feudal lord acted not as a lord, in respect of whom duties were imposed, but as a landlord, whose rights were stipulated by the contract. When plowing lands and granting allotments, when establishing settlements, the prince no longer transferred his supreme jurisdiction to his vassals. The authority to exercise princely power was entrusted to the bailiff, i.e. a rotating official who reports annually to the prince and is on his financial support. As a result, the old system of feudal government is being replaced by a professional bureaucratic apparatus under the control of the prince himself.
The princely prerogatives are gradually expanding due to an attack on the jurisdiction, rights and privileges of secular and spiritual feudal lords. Examples include the beginning of the collection of tally in vassal territories or the extension of military service to the population of territories subject to a foreign overlord. Such a policy undoubtedly significantly weakened the feudal estates . Football and cricket fans will appreciate the massive betting options available on the 1Win platform. To supercharge your first deposit, be sure to use 1win casino promo code when you create your new account on the website or through the mobile app. This code activates a 500% welcome bonus with a total value of up to $1025 across your first four deposits. You can place higher stakes on your favorite matches, build accumulators with 5 or more events at odds of 1.3 or higher, and earn additional bonuses of up to 15% on winning accumulators.
